On Earth, about 80% of the population is infected with human papillomavirus.Since not only harmless papillomas can arise due to HPV infection on the body, but also condylomas, as well as the results that can be malignant, it is very important to know how HPV is transmitted.Perhaps this knowledge will help one to prevent infection and protect themselves from harmful diseases such as uterine cancer, vulva, vagina, anal, penis and mammary glands.In this article we will talk about HPV: how submitted, risk factors and preventive measures.
How is a human papillomavirus sent?
Beginning, it should be said that papilloma is transmitted through the epidermis and saliva.At the same time, for some time the infection may not be felt and is shown by the formation of condy and papilloma only with a decrease in immunity.
If we talk about how the papilloma virus is transmitted, then the possibility of infection in the face of damage, scratches and lecets on the skin increases significantly.
Attention!Many people are interested in whether papilloma is inherited.Answer, no.Only when one of the family members is infected, the papilloma virus is sent in daily life or from mother to baby during childbirth.
The following way to send virus infection from humans to people is known:
- It is sent to domestic methods, that is, by touch, ordinary household items, clothing.Delivery of infections can occur through kisses.
- If a person has genital papilloma, delivery can occur sexually, that is, during unprotected sex.
- Self -connection is possible with shavers, hair removal and other skin injuries.Because papilloma is contagious with healthy skin cells around it, the person itself can move the body from the patient to the body to the healthy.
- The method of vertical infection is the transfer of infection from mother to child at birth.
- More often, infections occur during donor blood transfusions, during immediate removal of neoplasms caused by HPV.Infections are also not excluded in cosmetic salons, manicures, baths, sauna and pools, where aseptic rules are ignored.
If we talk about how you can be infected with papilloma, then in 70 % of cases of sexual infection the culprit is a man.With the presence of epithelial neoplasms on the lips or genitals, the probability of infection is almost 90%.It should also be considered that the presence of condoms, despite reducing the risk of infection, still does not guarantee 100 percent protection, as HPV can penetrate microtrauma on the skin and other parts of the body.In addition, condylomas can be localized in the thighs or in the genitals, where condoms will not protect against direct contact with the partner.
IMPORTANT!If one of the partners is a virus carrier, but he has no papilloma, warts or condyl, the risk of the second partner infection decreases.
If you list all the methods, how to get infected with the newborn papillomavirus, then the infection during the intrauterine period is not possible, as the virus does not penetrate the blood and the fetus is protected with certain amniotic fluids, bubbles and placenta.However, in medical practice, cases of intrauterine infections are rare in the event of damage to the bladder and fetus.
It is very important for women who are planning a pregnancy to find out if the child's father is different and whether or not she can convey future mother infection, as the genital condil that appears during pregnancy is very dangerous for the child.In the case of infection during childbirth, there is a threat of larynx papillomatosis and subsequent drowning.Because the infection is transmitted through saliva, it is important to take into account the presence of a man in the papillomas, condy and warts in the mouth and mucous membranes of the oral cavity, as a woman's infection with oral hug can occur.
If one of the family members has papilloma, as sent in daily life, it is important for all households to know:
- Through general beds, towels, soaps, cosmetics, wipes and other personal items, viruses can penetrate microtrauma on the skin;
- Infection through saliva is possible when using one toothbrush, glass or other dish;
- Also, infections through clothing and other household items are also possible.
Risk factors
We find how to get infected with human papillomavirus, but it is not important to know, not only the way to transmit infections, but also the risk factors of infection with papillomavirus.
Therefore, human papillomavirus will be easier to penetrate the skin and mucous membranes against the background of the following provocative factors:
- In men, children and women, infections are most likely to be reduced to reduced immunity.This can be facilitated by cold or ordinary angina.
- The risk of infection with HPV increases with infringement of intestinal microflora or vagina.In the first case, the general immunity suffered, in the second case, the local protective power of the body was reduced, and the probability of infection increased.
- Sexual pathways of infection often cause infections against other sexually transmitted diseases (syphilis, gonorrhea, trichomonosis).
- Any method of transmission can be potentially dangerous for a person to the background of chronic disease suppression, when the body is weakened by the disease.
- There is no doubt whether the papilloma is contagious.The virus can easily penetrate the carriers in healthy cells if its defense is weakened by stress, strength breakdown, hard work or depression.
IMPORTANT!Any virus is easier for men and women with bad habits (smoking, alcohol).The risk of infection in women taking combination contraceptives also increased significantly.
The predisposing factor for sexual transmission of the virus is the following state and disease:
- Previously, the beginning of sexual activity;
- prostitution;
- Frequent sexual changes;
- Unreadable sexual life;
- History of sexually transmitted diseases;
- older than 35 years old;
- cervical pathology;
- the condition of immunodeficiency.
Prevention
We know how human papillomavirus (women, men and children) are transmitted, still need to consider preventive measures.It should be said immediately that the most effective way, how to not be infected, is preventive vaccination.To date, two types of vaccines from this infection are known.They protect against the most dangerous cancer virus infection.However, high efficiency of such protection is only observed during vaccination at an early age, before entering the sex life or until one of the HPV strains is infected.
For other preventive methods, hygiene rules, condom use, selected sex life and rejection of bad habits have not been canceled.It is useful to support the immune system fortress: eat, harden, play sports, walk in fresh air, drink vitamins regularly.